Smad signaling determines chondrogenic differentiation of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells: inhibition of Smad1/5/8P prevents terminal differentiation and calcification
Publication year
2011Source
Tissue Engineering Part A, 17, 7-8, (2011), pp. 1157-67ISSN
Publication type
Article / Letter to editor

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Organization
Rheumatology
Journal title
Tissue Engineering Part A
Volume
vol. 17
Issue
iss. 7-8
Page start
p. 1157
Page end
p. 67
Subject
NCMLS 1: Infection and autoimmunity N4i 4: Auto-immunity, transplantation and immunotherapy; NCMLS 3: Tissue engineering and pathology N4i 4: Auto-immunity, transplantation and immunotherapyAbstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of Smad2/3 and Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation in transforming growth factor-beta-induced chondrogenic differentiation of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to assess whether specific targeting of different Smad signaling pathways offers possibilities to prevent terminal differentiation and mineralization of chondrogenically differentiated BMSCs. Terminally differentiated chondrocytes produced in vitro by chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs or studied ex vivo during murine embryonic limb formation stained positive for both Smad2/3P and Smad1/5/8P. Hyaline-like cartilage produced in vitro by articular chondrocytes or studied in ex vivo articular cartilage samples that lacked expression for matrix metalloproteinase 13 and collagen X only expressed Smad2/3P. When either Smad2/3 or Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation was blocked in BMSC culture by addition of SB-505124 or dorsomorphin throughout culture, no collagen II expression was observed, indicating that both pathways are involved in early chondrogenesis. Distinct functions for these pathways were demonstrated when Smad signaling was blocked after the onset of chondrogenesis. Blocking Smad2/3P after the onset of chondrogenesis resulted in a halt in collagen II production. On the other hand, blocking Smad1/5/8P during this time period resulted in decreased expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13, collagen X, and alkaline phosphatase while allowing collagen II production. Moreover, blocking Smad1/5/8P prevented mineralization. This indicates that while Smad2/3P is important for continuation of collagen II deposition, Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation is associated with terminal differentiation and mineralization.
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- Academic publications [227942]
- Faculty of Medical Sciences [86237]
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