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Publication year
2008Source
Pflügers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology, 456, 6, (2008), pp. 1005-24ISSN
Publication type
Article / Letter to editor
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Organization
Physiology
Journal title
Pflügers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology
Volume
vol. 456
Issue
iss. 6
Page start
p. 1005
Page end
p. 24
Subject
IGMD 9: Renal disorder; NCMLS 2: Metabolism, transport and motion; NCMLS 5: Membrane transport and intracellular motility; UMCN 5.4: Renal disordersAbstract
To prevent dehydration, terrestrial animals and humans have developed a sensitive and versatile system to maintain their water homeostasis. In states of hypernatremia or hypovolemia, the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin (AVP) is released from the pituitary and binds its type-2 receptor in renal principal cells. This triggers an intracellular cAMP signaling cascade, which phosphorylates aquaporin-2 (AQP2) and targets the channel to the apical plasma membrane. Driven by an osmotic gradient, pro-urinary water then passes the membrane through AQP2 and leaves the cell on the basolateral side via AQP3 and AQP4 water channels. When water homeostasis is restored, AVP levels decline, and AQP2 is internalized from the plasma membrane, leaving the plasma membrane watertight again. The action of AVP is counterbalanced by several hormones like prostaglandin E2, bradykinin, dopamine, endothelin-1, acetylcholine, epidermal growth factor, and purines. Moreover, AQP2 is strongly involved in the pathophysiology of disorders characterized by renal concentrating defects, as well as conditions associated with severe water retention. This review focuses on our recent increase in understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying AVP-regulated renal water transport in both health and disease.
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- Academic publications [245263]
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- Faculty of Medical Sciences [93208]
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