A novel translation re-initiation mechanism for the p63 gene revealed by amino-terminal truncating mutations in Rapp-Hodgkin/Hay-Wells-like syndromes.
Publication year
2008Author(s)
Number of pages
9 p.
Source
Human Molecular Genetics, 17, 13, (2008), pp. 1968-1977ISSN
Publication type
Article / Letter to editor

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Organization
Human Genetics
Dermatology
Rehabilitation
Journal title
Human Molecular Genetics
Volume
vol. 17
Issue
iss. 13
Page start
p. 1968
Page end
p. 1977
Subject
DCN 2: Functional Neurogenomics; IGMD 3: Genomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders; Molecular Biology; N4i 1: Pathogenesis and modulation of inflammation; NCMLS 1: Immunity, infection and tissue repair; NCMLS 1: Infection and autoimmunity; NCMLS 6: Genetics and epigenetic pathways of disease; ONCOL 3: Translational research; UMCN 4.2: Chronic inflammation and autoimmunity; UMCN 5.1: Genetic defects of metabolismAbstract
Missense mutations in the 3' end of the p63 gene are associated with either RHS (Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome) or AEC (Ankyloblepharon Ectodermal defects Cleft lip/palate) syndrome. These mutations give rise to mutant p63alpha protein isoforms with dominant effects towards their wild-type counterparts. Here we report four RHS/AEC-like patients with mutations (p.Gln9fsX23, p.Gln11X, p.Gln16X), that introduce premature termination codons in the N-terminal part of the p63 protein. These mutations appear to be incompatible with the current paradigms of dominant-negative/gain-of-function outcomes for other p63 mutations. Moreover it is difficult to envisage how the remaining small N-terminal polypeptide contributes to a dominant disease mechanism. Primary keratinocytes from a patient containing the p.Gln11X mutation revealed a normal and aberrant p63-related protein that was just slightly smaller than the wild-type p63. We show that the smaller p63 protein is produced by translation re-initiation at the next downstream methionine, causing truncation of a non-canonical transactivation domain in the DeltaN-specific isoforms. Interestingly, this new DeltaDeltaNp63 isoform is also present in the wild-type keratinocytes albeit in small amounts compared with the p.Gln11X patient. These data establish that the p.Gln11X-mutation does not represent a null-allele leading to haploinsufficiency, but instead gives rise to a truncated DeltaNp63 protein with dominant effects. Given the nature of other RHS/AEC-like syndrome mutations, we conclude that these mutations affect only the DeltaNp63alpha isoform and that this disruption is fundamental to explaining the clinical characteristics of these particular ectodermal dysplasia syndromes.
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- Faculty of Medical Sciences [86204]
- Open Access publications [76438]
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