Publication year
2004Author(s)
Publisher
Nijmegen : NICI
ISBN
9080859915
In
Luijtelaar, E.L.J.M. van; Kuznetsova, G.D.; Coenen, A.M.L. (ed.), The WAG/Rij model of absence epilepsy: the Nijmegen - Russian Federation papers, pp. 199-215Publication type
Part of book or chapter of book
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Editor(s)
Luijtelaar, E.L.J.M. van
Kuznetsova, G.D.
Coenen, A.M.L.
Chepurnov, S.A.
Organization
SW OZ DCC SMN
Former Organization
SW OZ NICI BI
Book title
Luijtelaar, E.L.J.M. van; Kuznetsova, G.D.; Coenen, A.M.L. (ed.), The WAG/Rij model of absence epilepsy: the Nijmegen - Russian Federation papers
Page start
p. 199
Page end
p. 215
Subject
Cognitive neuroscienceAbstract
Cytokines are involved in various types of childhood epilepsies, although its role in absence epilepsy is not investigated. In two experiments the role of two cytokines, IL-1? and TNF-?, were investigated in a genetic model of absence epilepsy, the WAG/Rij rat. In the first experiment it was investigated whether cytokines may influence the expression of spike-wave discharges. In the second experiment, the levels of both cytokines were measured in brain and plasma of WAG/Rij and non-epileptic controls (ACI) at 2, 4 and 6 months in order to establish whether these cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of absence epilepsy. Six months old freely moving WAG/Rij rats were injected i.p. with IL-1? (2?g/kg in 2 ml), TNF-? (2?g/kg in 2 ml) or a bovine salt solution and the EEG was recorded for 72 hrs. The hourly numbers of spike-wave discharges (SWD's) were determined, next behavior and body temperature were periodically monitored (Exp I). Naïve WAG/Rij and ACI rats of various ages were killed with an overdose of barbiturates, the blood was collected and the brains were quickly removed. Levels of cytokines were determined with ELISA methods (Exp II). IL-1? induced a large increase in the number of SWD in the 2-5 hours after its administration, TNF-? enhanced SWD's 6-18 hours after its administration. Both cytokines enhanced passive behavior, while body temperature was elevated only after TNF-?. There were no large differences between the two strains at any of the age groups (Exp II), however a significant strain by age effects was found for TNF- ? serum concentration. More specifically, at an age of two months non-epileptic rats had more than their age matched controls. It can be concluded that TNF- ? might protect rats during a stage that the first SWD start to appear. Moreover, increased levels of both cytokines affect the expression of SWD in WAG/Rij rats albeit with a different time constant. This suggests that the results found after TNF-? are due to the new synthesis IL-1?. If this is the case than it seems that only IL-1? affects the expression of SWD.
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- Faculty of Social Sciences [30330]
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