The Role of Peer Relations in Adolescent Development in Two Cultures: The Netherlands and Japan

Abstract

The aims of this study were (a) to compare peer relations, developmental expectations, self-perceived competence, and well-being in Dutch and Japanese adolescents; and (b) to examine whether relationships among these constructs vary as a function of different cultures, that is, whether the same developmental model applies in both countries. The sample included 253 Dutch and 308 Japanese adolescents between 15 to 18 years of age. The same questionnaires assessing peer relations, developmental expectations, competence, and well-being were completed by adolescents individually in both samples. The results show that Dutch adolescents are more satisfied with their relationships with peers, expect to achieve developmental tasks at earlier ages, feel more competent about their abilities, and report a higher level of well-being than Japanese adolescents. Evidence with regard to different developmental processes in the two cultures was also found. Peer relations bear stronger associations with developmental expectations and well-being in Japanese than in Dutch adolescents.