Abstract
The goal of the present study was to analyse to what extent variables such as (1) injected volume, (2) nature of the solvent of drugs (saline versus distilled water) and (3) placement of an additional cannula to inject the solvent of the drugs at the opposite side of the brain, influenced the behavioural effects of the combined administration of the dopamine D(1) receptor agonist (+/-)-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-[1H]-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol (SKF 38393, 5.0 microg) and the dopamine D(2)/D(3) receptor agonist quinpirole (10.0 microg) into the shell or core of the nucleus accumbens of freely moving rats. First, we found that increasing the injected volume from 0.2 microl to 0.5 microl significantly increased the amount of contralateral turning after injection of the drugs into the shell and, especially, the core of rats equipped with one cannula. More importantly, the type of turning behaviour changed: instead of a predominance of pivoting, both pivoting and circling appeared. Second, replacing the solvent saline by distilled water resulted in a minor, but significant, decrease of the amount of contralateral turning elicited from either the shell or the core of the nucleus accumbens of rats equipped with one cannula. The type of turning was not changed by this new solvent. Third, and most importantly, this study showed that the vehicle injection into the right core exerted a potentiating effect on the number of contralateral rotations elicited by injections of SKF 38393+quinpirole into the left core, whereas such a vehicle injection into the right shell did not affect the number of contralateral rotations elicited by injections of SKF 38393+quinpirole into the left shell. The type of turning in these rats was not changed when compared to rats equipped with one cannula. It is hypothesized that the fluid injected into the core, directly or indirectly, enhanced the dopaminergic asymmetry between the left and the right brain, implying that this manipulation anyhow reduced the dopaminergic activity in the region under discussion. In conclusion, subtle changes in the methodology used to study both the behaviour-specificity and the region-specificity of drug injections into the brain significantly directs the outcome of such studies.
