What every cognitive neuroscientist should know about prefrontal cortex evolution

Abstract

Most theories of cognitive control assign a vital role to human prefrontal cortex (PFC). Although models of PFC function are abundant, most fail to capture the complexity of this part of the brain. Here we argue that an improved understanding of the evolution of PFC can aid in the formulation of better models. By better understanding what PFC is, why it evolved, and what benefit it provided to our ancestors, we can constrain our thinking and put the plethora of neuroimaging data showing PFC activation into context.