Stronger coupling of emotional instability with reward processing in borderline personality disorder is predicted by schema modes
Publication year
2023Number of pages
10 p.
Source
Psychological Medicine, 53, 14, (2023), pp. 6714-6723ISSN
Publication type
Article / Letter to editor
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Organization
SW OZ DCC SMN
Journal title
Psychological Medicine
Volume
vol. 53
Issue
iss. 14
Languages used
English (eng)
Page start
p. 6714
Page end
p. 6723
Subject
Action, intention, and motor controlAbstract
Background: Mood instability and risk-taking are hallmarks of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Schema modes are combinations of self-reflective evaluations, negative emotional states, and destructive coping strategies common in BPD. When activated, they can push patients with BPD into emotional turmoil and a dissociative state of mind. Our knowledge of the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms driving these changes is incomplete. We hypothesized that in patients with BPD, affective instability is more influenced by reward expectation, outcomes, and reward prediction errors (RPEs) during risky decision-making than in healthy controls. Additionally, we expected that these alterations would be related to schema modes. Methods: Thirty-two patients with BPD and thirty-one healthy controls were recruited. We used an established behavioral paradigm to measure mood fluctuations during risky decision-making. The impact of expectations and RPEs on momentary mood was quantified by a computational model, and its parameters were estimated with hierarchical Bayesian analysis. Model parameters were compared using High-Density Intervals. Results: We found that model parameters capturing the influence of RPE and Certain Rewards on mood were significantly higher in patients with BPD than in controls. These model parameters correlated significantly with schema modes, but not with depression severity. Conclusions: BPD is coupled with altered associations between mood fluctuation and reward processing under uncertainty. Our findings seem to be BPD-specific, as they stand in contrast with the correlates of depressive symptoms. Future studies should establish the clinical utility of these alterations, such as predicting or assessing therapeutic response in BPD.
This item appears in the following Collection(s)
- Academic publications [246860]
- Electronic publications [134292]
- Faculty of Social Sciences [30549]
- Open Access publications [107812]
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