Abstract
This chapter outlines the classic model of Wernicke (1874) for the functional neuroanatomy of vocal utterance production and comprehension, and Wundt's (1900, 1904) critique that the model lacks attentional control mechanisms, which he localized in the frontal lobes. Next, the WEAVER++/ARC model (Roelofs, 1992, 2014, 2022) is described, which builds in many respects on Wernicke's ideas but also addresses Wundt’s critique by implementing assumptions on attentional control. Characteristics of utterance production by healthy and brain-damaged individuals arise from the interplay of a perisylvian production-perception network and the frontal attentional control system. Controversy exists about the role of one of the frontal areas, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Whereas some researchers deny any role for the ACC in spoken word production, other researchers assume involvement of the area but disagree on whether it plays a regulatory role, as in primate call production, or a role in detecting conflict or predicting error-likelihood. Evidence is reviewed for a regulatory role of the ACC.
