Defects in KCNJ16 Cause a Novel Tubulopathy with Hypokalemia, Salt Wasting, Disturbed Acid-Base Homeostasis, and Sensorineural Deafness

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Publication year
2021Author(s)
Source
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 32, 6, (2021), pp. 1498-1512ISSN
Publication type
Article / Letter to editor

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Organization
Radboudumc Extern
Human Genetics
Physiology
Journal title
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
Volume
vol. 32
Issue
iss. 6
Page start
p. 1498
Page end
p. 1512
Subject
Radboudumc 11: Renal disorders RIMLS: Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboudumc 12: Sensory disorders DCMN: Donders Center for Medical NeuroscienceAbstract
BACKGROUND: The transepithelial transport of electrolytes, solutes, and water in the kidney is a well-orchestrated process involving numerous membrane transport systems. Basolateral potassium channels in tubular cells not only mediate potassium recycling for proper Na(+),K(+)-ATPase function but are also involved in potassium and pH sensing. Genetic defects in KCNJ10 cause EAST/SeSAME syndrome, characterized by renal salt wasting with hypokalemic alkalosis associated with epilepsy, ataxia, and sensorineural deafness. METHODS: A candidate gene approach and whole-exome sequencing determined the underlying genetic defect in eight patients with a novel disease phenotype comprising a hypokalemic tubulopathy with renal salt wasting, disturbed acid-base homeostasis, and sensorineural deafness. Electrophysiologic studies and surface expression experiments investigated the functional consequences of newly identified gene variants. RESULTS: We identified mutations in the KCNJ16 gene encoding KCNJ16, which along with KCNJ15 and KCNJ10, constitutes the major basolateral potassium channel of the proximal and distal tubules, respectively. Coexpression of mutant KCNJ16 together with KCNJ15 or KCNJ10 in Xenopus oocytes significantly reduced currents. CONCLUSIONS: Biallelic variants in KCNJ16 were identified in patients with a novel disease phenotype comprising a variable proximal and distal tubulopathy associated with deafness. Variants affect the function of heteromeric potassium channels, disturbing proximal tubular bicarbonate handling as well as distal tubular salt reabsorption.
This item appears in the following Collection(s)
- Academic publications [227425]
- Electronic publications [107155]
- Faculty of Medical Sciences [86157]
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