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Publication year
2017Source
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 28, 3, (2017), pp. 971-980ISSN
Publication type
Article / Letter to editor
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Organization
Internal Medicine
Journal title
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
Volume
vol. 28
Issue
iss. 3
Page start
p. 971
Page end
p. 980
Subject
Radboudumc 4: lnfectious Diseases and Global Health RIMLS: Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Internal Medicine - Radboud University Medical CenterAbstract
Vascular endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial stiffness contribute to increased cardiovascular risk in patients with CKD who exhibit chronic systemic inflammation. Because chronic inflammation contributes to vascular dysfunction, blocking inflammation may reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with CKD. In a two-site, double-blind trial, we randomized 42 adult patients with stage 3-4 CKD who were already receiving optimal background therapy to receive either IL-1 trap rilonacept or placebo for 12 weeks. Coprimary end points included change in brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMDBA) and aortic pulse-wave velocity (aPWV) after 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Exploratory end points included change in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), FMDBA after acute ascorbic acid infusion, and vascular endothelial cell protein expression of NADPH oxidase. Participants were 63+/-11 (mean+/-SD) years of age and 24% were women; mean eGFR was 38+/-13 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) Compared with placebo, rilonacept improved FMDBA (baseline: 3.36%+/-2.06% [mean+/-SD], 12 weeks: 2.45%+/-2.29% with placebo and baseline: 3.75%+/-3.12%, 12 weeks: 4.86%+/-3.20% with rilonacept; P<0.01), without changing aPWV (P=0.56). Rilonacept also reduced hsCRP levels (median [interquartile range]) (baseline: 4.60 [1.90-8.22] mg/L, 12 weeks: 2.16 [0.92-7.38] mg/L; P<0.01) and endothelial cell NADPH oxidase expression (P<0.05). Acute infusion of ascorbic acid to inhibit superoxide production associated with a nonsignificant trend toward increased FMDBA in the placebo group (P=0.07) but not the rilonacept group (P=0.56). Rilonacept was well tolerated (five adverse events versus two with placebo). In conclusion, treatment with an IL-1 trap improved FMDBA without changing aPWV and reduced systemic inflammation in patients with CKD.
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- Faculty of Medical Sciences [93294]
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