Publication year
2015Source
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 53, (2015), pp. 131-138ISSN
Annotation
01 juni 2015
Publication type
Article / Letter to editor
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Organization
Rehabilitation
Journal title
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
Volume
vol. 53
Page start
p. 131
Page end
p. 138
Subject
Radboudumc 3: Disorders of movement DCMN: Donders Center for Medical NeuroscienceAbstract
Recently, there has been an increase in studies evaluating startle reflexes and StartReact, many in tasks involving postural control and gait. These studies have provided important new insights. First, several experiments indicate a superimposition of startle reflex activity on the postural response during unexpected balance perturbations. Overlap in the expression of startle reflexes and postural responses emphasizes the possibility of, at least partly, a common substrate for these two types of behavior. Second, it is recognized that the range of behaviors, susceptible to StartReact, has expanded considerably. Originally this work was concentrated on simple voluntary ballistic movements, but gait initiation, online step adjustments and postural responses can be initiated earlier by a startling stimulus as well, indicating advanced motor preparation of posture and gait. Third, recent experiments on StartReact using TMS and patients with corticospinal lesions suggest that this motor preparation involves a close interaction between cortical and subcortical structures. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview on startle reflexes, StartReact, and their interaction with posture and gait.
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- Academic publications [238441]
- Faculty of Medical Sciences [90373]
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