Inflammation increases plasma angiopoietin-like protein 4 in patients with the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes
Publication year
2014Source
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care, 2, 1, (2014), pp. e000034ISSN
Publication type
Article / Letter to editor

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Organization
Internal Medicine
Journal title
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
Volume
vol. 2
Issue
iss. 1
Page start
p. e000034
Subject
Radboudumc 18: Healthcare improvement science RIHS: Radboud Institute for Health SciencesAbstract
BACKGROUND: Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) inhibits lipoprotein lipase and associates with dyslipidemia. The expression of ANGPTL4 is regulated by free fatty acids (FFA) that activate lipid-sensing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), but FFA can also activate pattern recognition receptors including Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in macrophages. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether systemic low-grade inflammation is a determinant for plasma ANGPTL4 levels in patients with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DESIGN: We studied 335 male participants: healthy controls (Controls), patients with the MetS without inflammation (MetS-I) and with low-grade inflammation (MetS+I), and patients with T2DM. All patients without diabetes included in the present study were initially matched for waist circumference. In plasma, ANGPTL4, C reactive protein (CRP) and metabolic parameters were determined. Underlying mechanisms were examined using human macrophages in vitro. RESULTS: As compared with Controls, plasma ANGPTL4 levels were increased in patients with MetS-I, MetS+I, and T2DM. Furthermore, ANGPTL4 was increased in T2DM compared with MetS-I. In fact, plasma CRP correlated positively with plasma ANGPTL4. In vitro studies showed that TLR 3/4 activation largely increased the expression and release of ANGPTL4 by macrophages. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma ANGPTL4 levels in humans are predicted by CRP, a marker of inflammation, and ANGPTL4 expression by macrophages is increased by inflammatory stimuli.
This item appears in the following Collection(s)
- Academic publications [226905]
- Electronic publications [108452]
- Faculty of Medical Sciences [86456]
- Open Access publications [77618]
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