Cognitive and neural foundations of discrete sequence skill: A TMS study

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Title:	Cognitive and neural foundations of discrete sequence skill: A TMS study
Author(s):	Ruitenberg, M.F.L.; Verwey, W.B.; Schutter, D.J.L.G. ; Abrahamse, E.L.
Publication year:	2014
Source:	Neuropsychologia, vol. 56, (2014), pp. 229-238
ISSN:	0028-3932
DOI:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.01.014
Publication type:	Article / Letter to editor
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item : https://hdl.handle.net/2066/127506
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Subject:	Action, intention, and motor control DI-BCB_DCC_Theme 2: Perception, Action and Control
Organization:	SW OZ DCC CO
Journal title:	Neuropsychologia
Volume:	vol. 56
Page start:	p. 229
Page end:	p. 238
Abstract:	Executing discrete movement sequences typically involves a shift with practice from a relatively slow, stimulus-based mode to a fast mode in which performance is based on retrieving and executing entire motor chunks. The dual processor model explains the performance of (skilled) discrete key-press sequences in terms of an interplay between a cognitive processor and a motor system. In the present study, we tested and confirmed the core assumptions of this model at the behavioral level. In addition, we explored the involvement of the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) in discrete sequence skill by applying inhibitory 20 min 1-Hz off-line repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Based on previous work, we predicted pre-SMA involvement in the selection/initiation of motor chunks, and this was confirmed by our results. The pre-SMA was further observed to be more involved in more complex than in simpler sequences, while no evidence was found for pre-SMA involvement in direct stimulus-response translations or associative learning processes. In conclusion, support is provided for the dual processor model, and for pre-SMA involvement in the initiation of motor chunks.