In vivo applications of PEG liposomes: unexpected observations.

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Title:	In vivo applications of PEG liposomes: unexpected observations.
Author(s):	Laverman, P. ; Boerman, O.C. ; Storm, G.
Publication year:	2001
Source:	Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems, vol. 18, iss. 6, (2001), pp. 551--66
ISSN:	0743-4863
Publication type:	Article / Letter to editor
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item : http://hdl.handle.net/2066/120605
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Subject:	Development of radiopharmaceuticals for diagnosis and therapy of pathological processes. Ontwikkeling van radiofarmaca ten behoeve van diagnose en behandeling van ziekteprocessen.
Organization:	Nuclear Medicine Radboudumc Extern
Journal title:	Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems
Volume:	vol. 18
Issue:	iss. 6
Page start:	p. 551-
Page end:	p. 66
Classification:	Diagnostic ImagingInfection
Abstract:	Recent studies with PEG liposomes in patients have consistently shown that liposomes can induce side effects (flushing, tightness of the chest). Furthermore, the blood clearance of PEG liposomes was shown to be dose-dependent: at lipid doses lower than 1 micromol/kg, PEG liposomes do not show the long-circulation property but instead are cleared relatively rapidly from the bloodstream. Another remarkable observation was that repeated injections of PEG liposomes led to significant pharmacokinetic changes: the circulatory half-life of a second dose of radiolabeled PEG liposomes dramatically decreased when given from 5 days to up to 4 weeks after a first injection. In these three unexpected phenomena, proteins of the complement system seem to play a key role. Therefore, one has to consider that PEG liposomes are not inert drug-carrying vehicles in vivo. Pharmacological effects can occur, induced solely by using liposomal particles irrespective of the drug content.