[Pharmacogenetics and the treatment of addiction]

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Title:	[Pharmacogenetics and the treatment of addiction]
Author(s):	Schellekens, A.F.A.
Publication year:	2013
Source:	Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde, vol. 157, iss. 23, (2013), pp. A5725
ISSN:	0028-2162
Publication type:	Article / Letter to editor
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item : http://hdl.handle.net/2066/117987
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Subject:	DCN PAC - Perception action and control
Organization:	Psychiatry
Journal title:	Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde
Volume:	vol. 157
Issue:	iss. 23
Page start:	p. A5725
Abstract:	- This article describes the current scientific knowledge regarding pharmacogenetic predictors of treatment outcome for substance-dependent patients.- PubMed was searched for articles on pharmacogenetics and addiction. This search yielded 53 articles, of which 27 were selected.- The most promising pharmacogenetic findings are related to the treatment of alcohol dependence. Genetic variation in the micro-opioid receptor (OPRM1) and the serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) appear to be associated with treatment outcomes for naltrexone and ondansetron, respectively. - Genetic variation in CYP2D6 is related to efficacy of methadone treatment for opiate dependence. - Pharmacogenetics may help explain the great inter-individual variation in treatment response. In the future, treatment matching, based on genetic characteristics of individual patients, could lead to a 'personalized medicine' approach. Pharmacogenetic matching of naltrexone in alcohol-dependent carriers of the OPRM1 G-allele currently seems most promising.