The inferior frontal cortex in artificial syntax processing: An rTMS study

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Title:	The inferior frontal cortex in artificial syntax processing: An rTMS study
Author(s):	Udden, J.; Folia, V.; Forkstam, C.H.; Ingvar, M.; Fernandez, G.S.E. ; Overeem, S. ; Elswijk, G.A.F. van ; Hagoort, P. ; Petersson, K.M.
Publication year:	2008
Source:	Brain Research, vol. 1224C, (2008), pp. 69-78
ISSN:	0006-8993
Related links:	http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18617159
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2008.05.070
Publication type:	Article / Letter to editor
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item : http://hdl.handle.net/2066/115459
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Subject:	110 000 Neurocognition of Language 110 007 PLUS: A neurocomputational model for the Processing of Linguistic Utterances based on the Unification-Space architecture 110 009 The human brain and Chinese prosody 110 012 Social cognition of verbal communication 110 013 Binding and the MUC-model 110 014 Public activities 111 000 Intention & Action 130 000 Cognitive Neurology & Memory
Organization:	SW OZ DCC BO Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging Neurology SW OZ DCC CO PI Group Neurobiology of Language
Former Organization:	F.C. Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging
Journal title:	Brain Research
Volume:	vol. 1224C
Page start:	p. 69
Page end:	p. 78
Abstract:	The human capacity to implicitly acquire knowledge of structured sequences has recently been investigated in artificial grammar learning using functional magnetic resonance imaging. It was found that the left inferior frontal cortex (IFC; Brodmann's area (BA) 44/45) was related to classification performance. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the IFC (BA 44/45) is causally related to classification of artificial syntactic structures by means of an off-line repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) paradigm. We manipulated the stimulus material in a 2 x 2 factorial design with grammaticality status and local substring familiarity as factors. The participants showed a reliable effect of grammaticality on classification of novel items after 5days of exposure to grammatical exemplars without performance feedback in an implicit acquisition task. The results show that rTMS of BA 44/45 improves syntactic classification performance by increasing the rejection rate of non-grammatical items and by shortening reaction times of correct rejections specifically after left-sided stimulation. A similar pattern of results is observed in FMRI experiments on artificial syntactic classification. These results suggest that activity in the inferior frontal region is causally related to artificial syntax processing.