Family environment is associated with HPA-axis activity in adolescents. The TRAILS study.

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Title:	Family environment is associated with HPA-axis activity in adolescents. The TRAILS study.
Author(s):	Marsman, R. ; Nederhof, E.; Rosmalen, J.G.; Oldehinkel, A.J. ; Ormel, J.; Buitelaar, J.K.
Publication year:	2012
Source:	Biological Psychology, vol. 89, iss. 2, (2012), pp. 460-466
ISSN:	0301-0511
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.12.013
Annotation:	1 februari 2012
Publication type:	Article / Letter to editor
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item : http://hdl.handle.net/2066/107893
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Subject:	DCN PAC - Perception action and control DCN PAC - Perception action and control NCEBP 9 - Mental health
Organization:	Cognitive Neuroscience Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging
Former Organization:	F.C. Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging
Journal title:	Biological Psychology
Volume:	vol. 89
Issue:	iss. 2
Page start:	p. 460
Page end:	p. 466
Abstract:	The purpose of the present study was to investigate the developmental programming part of the theory of biological sensitivity to context using family environmental factors and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning. Specifically, we investigated whether perceived parenting (Rejection and Emotional Warmth) and socio-economic status (SES) predicted basal cortisol levels and the cortisol awakening response (CAR). In a population-based cohort of 1594 adolescents (mean age=11.08, SD=0.54) we assessed salivary cortisol, SES and perceived parenting. Perceived parental Emotional Warmth showed an inverse, linear association with basal cortisol levels. In addition, there was a curvilinear relationship between SES and both basal cortisol levels and the CAR. Our findings with regard to basal cortisol levels confirmed our hypothesis: lower basal HPA-axis activity in both high and low SES families compared to intermediate SES families.