Respiratory infections in Enepa Amerindians are related to malnutrition and Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage

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Title:	Respiratory infections in Enepa Amerindians are related to malnutrition and Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage
Author(s):	Verhagen, L.M.; Gomez-Castellano, K.; Snelders, E. ; Rivera-Olivero, I.; Pocaterra, L.; Melchers, W.J.G. ; Waard, J.H. de; Hermans, P.W.M.
Publication year:	2013
Source:	Journal of Infection, vol. 67, iss. 4, (2013), pp. 273-281
ISSN:	0163-4453
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2013.06.010
Publication type:	Article / Letter to editor
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item : https://hdl.handle.net/2066/127327
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Subject:	IGMD 8: Mitochondrial medicine NCMLS 4: Energy and redox metabolism N4i 1: Pathogenesis and modulation of inflammation NCMLS 1: Infection and autoimmunity N4i 2: Invasive mycoses and compromised host NCMLS 1: Infection and autoimmunity IGMD 8: Mitochondrial medicine NCMLS 4: Energy and redox metabolism Tijdelijke code tbv inlezen publicaties Radboudumc - Alleen voor gebruik door Radboudumc
Organization:	Paediatrics - OUD tm 2017 Laboratory of Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Medical Microbiology
Journal title:	Journal of Infection
Volume:	vol. 67
Issue:	iss. 4
Page start:	p. 273
Page end:	p. 281
Abstract:	OBJECTIVES: High acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) rates are observed in indigenous populations. We assessed the role of viral infections and nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage in ARTIs in Enepa Amerindians from Venezuela. METHODS: In 40 children aged 0-10 years with ARTIs, healthy nearest-age sibling controls and their mothers the presence of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Moraxella catarrhalis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae/psittachi and 15 respiratory viruses was investigated. RESULTS: S. pneumoniae was the most frequently detected pathogen, with carriage rates of 75% and 38% in children and mothers respectively. In children, S. pneumoniae carriage was associated with ARTI risk in multivariate analysis (OR 14.1, 95% CI 1.4-137.7). Viral infections were not associated with ARTI risk. S. pneumoniae carriage was common in children of all ages while viral co-infections were more frequently present in children under 4 years compared to older children (46% vs. 17%, p < 0.01). An increase of one unit height-for-age Z score (i.e. improved chronic nutritional status) was associated with decreased odds of S. pneumoniae colonization in multivariate analysis (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.44-0.99). CONCLUSIONS: In Enepa children high S. pneumoniae carriage rates associated with a poor nutritional status contribute to the development of ARTIs.